The Acting President Director of the Indonesia Commodity and Derivatives Exchange (ICDX), Nursalam, has observed a significant shift in public investment behavior, noting that a growing segment of the Indonesian population is exhibiting a "latah" or impulsive trend-following behavior in purchasing gold amid heightening global uncertainty. This phenomenon has manifested in a dramatic spike in digital gold transaction volumes, which have surged during the first three months of 2024 to levels that nearly eclipse the total performance of the previous year. Speaking at the "Gold Under Fire: Investasi Emas di Tengah Gejolak Dunia" event held on Wednesday, April 15, Nursalam highlighted that the momentum for gold investment has shifted from a long-term strategic move to a reactive response to geopolitical tensions and economic instability.
According to data provided by the ICDX, the volume of digital gold transactions in 2023 reached a total of 56 tons. However, the first quarter of 2024 alone has already seen a staggering 31 tons of gold traded through the exchange’s digital platforms. This figure represents more than 50 percent of the entire previous year’s volume achieved in just 25 percent of the time, signaling an unprecedented appetite for the precious metal among domestic investors. Nursalam emphasized that while the high interest is a positive sign for the commodity market’s liquidity, the underlying motivation—driven by a "latah" mentality—suggests that many investors only flock to the asset once a crisis is already underway rather than building a portfolio during periods of calm.
The Psychology of the Safe Haven Asset
The term "latah," commonly used in Indonesian culture to describe a person who spontaneously mimics others or follows a trend without deep thought, was used by Nursalam to characterize the current rush toward gold. He noted that many people wait for major geopolitical disruptions, such as the escalation of conflicts in the Middle East or Eastern Europe, before deciding to move their capital into gold. This reactive approach often leads to investors buying at peak prices when the market is already saturated with high demand. Nursalam argued that gold should ideally be a consistent part of an investment portfolio, regardless of whether a war or economic crisis is currently making headlines.
Historically, gold has been the premier "safe haven" asset. Unlike fiat currencies, which can be devalued by central bank policies or hyperinflation, gold maintains intrinsic value. In times of geopolitical turmoil, such as the ongoing tensions between Iran and Israel or the protracted conflict in Ukraine, investors instinctively flee volatile equities and weakening currencies in favor of the stability offered by gold. Nursalam explained that the perception of gold as an instrument that "always goes up" in the long run reinforces its status as the primary choice for wealth preservation when the global landscape becomes unpredictable.
Comparative Data and Market Acceleration
The acceleration of gold trading in Indonesia is not merely a psychological shift but is backed by robust market data. The jump from 56 tons in the full year of 2023 to 31 tons in just the first quarter of 2024 suggests that if current trends continue, the ICDX could facilitate over 100 tons of gold transactions by the end of the year. This would represent a nearly 100 percent year-on-year growth rate. This surge coincides with a period where international gold prices have repeatedly broken all-time highs, frequently hovering above the $2,300 to $2,400 per ounce mark.
Several factors contribute to this localized spike in Indonesia:
- Currency Volatility: The Indonesian Rupiah has faced pressure against the US Dollar, prompting local investors to hedge their savings in gold to protect against the loss of purchasing power.
- Inflationary Pressure: As global supply chains remain strained and energy prices fluctuate due to Middle Eastern instability, gold serves as a classic hedge against inflation.
- Institutional Adoption: Beyond individual retail investors, more local financial institutions are integrating gold-backed products into their offerings, increasing the overall volume flowing through exchanges like the ICDX.
The Digital Transformation and Gen Z Participation
One of the most significant drivers of the current gold rush is the democratization of access through digital technology. Nursalam pointed out that the barrier to entry for gold investment has vanished. In previous decades, buying gold required visiting a physical store, dealing with security concerns regarding storage, and often purchasing in large, expensive increments. Today, the "Gen Z" demographic—those born between the late 1990s and early 2010s—is entering the market in record numbers because they can purchase fractional amounts of gold via smartphone applications.
Digital gold allows an investor to buy as little as 0.01 grams of gold with a few taps on a mobile device. This ease of transaction has aligned perfectly with the digital-first lifestyle of younger Indonesians. Nursalam noted that the ICDX has seen a visible increase in younger participants who treat digital gold almost like a savings account. By removing the logistical hurdles of physical storage and the high capital requirements of bullion bars, digital platforms have allowed the "latah" trend to spread even faster, as social media influence and real-time news alerts can trigger immediate buying sprees among tech-savvy youth.
Regulatory Framework and Investor Protection
As the volume of digital gold transactions grows, the role of regulatory bodies like the Commodity Futures Trading Regulatory Agency (Bappebti) and exchanges like the ICDX becomes increasingly critical. The Indonesian government has worked to formalize the digital gold market to ensure that every gram of gold traded digitally is backed by physical gold held in secure, audited vaults. This regulatory oversight is what distinguishes legitimate digital gold trading from the various fraudulent "gold investment" schemes that have historically plagued the Indonesian market.
The ICDX serves as the clearinghouse and exchange that ensures price transparency and contract fulfillment. By providing a centralized platform, the ICDX helps stabilize the market and provides a reference price that reflects both international market movements and local demand. For investors following the current trend, this infrastructure provides a layer of security, ensuring that their digital holdings are legally recognized and physically collateralized.
Geopolitical Context: Why Now?
The timing of this surge is intrinsically linked to the "Gold Under Fire" theme discussed by Nursalam. In early 2024, the world witnessed a series of escalations that unsettled global markets. The threat of a direct confrontation between major powers in the Middle East led to a "risk-off" sentiment globally. When investors are afraid, they sell assets that depend on economic growth (like stocks) and buy assets that depend on scarcity and history (like gold).
Furthermore, central banks around the world, particularly in emerging markets, have been increasing their gold reserves at record rates. This institutional buying provides a "floor" for gold prices, giving retail investors the confidence to follow suit. When the public sees both geopolitical turmoil and central bank accumulation, the "latah" response is almost inevitable. The narrative that gold is the only "true money" gains traction, leading to the massive volume increases reported by the ICDX.
Analysis of Implications for the Indonesian Economy
While the surge in gold transactions is a boon for the ICDX and the digital trading ecosystem, it carries broader implications for the Indonesian economy. On one hand, a population that holds a significant portion of its wealth in gold is more resilient to local currency devaluations. This can act as a shock absorber during periods of economic instability. On the other hand, a massive shift of capital from productive investments (like the stock market or business expansion) into a "static" asset like gold can sometimes slow down economic circulation.
However, the "digital" nature of this trend offers a middle ground. Digital gold is highly liquid. Unlike a physical gold bar that might sit in a safe for a decade, digital gold can be sold and converted back into Rupiah instantly, allowing investors to move their capital back into the economy as soon as they perceive the "geopolitical fire" has been extinguished.
Future Outlook: Will the Trend Sustain?
Nursalam’s observations suggest that the current momentum is unlikely to dissipate in the near term. As long as interest rates in the United States remain a point of contention and geopolitical hotspots remain active, gold will continue to attract both strategic and "latah" investors. The ICDX expects the digital gold segment to continue its upward trajectory, potentially becoming a primary pillar of the Indonesian commodity trading landscape.
The challenge for the industry moving forward will be to transition these "trend-followers" into "informed investors." Educational initiatives, such as the forum where Nursalam spoke, aim to teach the public that while gold is a vital safe haven, investment decisions should be based on diversified financial planning rather than panic-driven responses to news cycles.
In conclusion, the report from the ICDX serves as a barometer for the current state of global anxiety. The fact that 31 tons of gold were traded in a single quarter reflects a society that is increasingly wary of traditional financial systems and is looking toward the oldest form of wealth for security. Whether driven by Gen Z’s digital adoption or the "latah" behavior of the general public, gold has firmly re-established itself at the center of the Indonesian investment consciousness. As Nursalam succinctly put it, the world doesn’t need to wait for a war to recognize the value of gold, but the current geofire has certainly ensured that everyone is now paying attention.